![]() In Spanish, however, the emphasis is on learning to form and read syllables. When teaching kids to read in English, it is standard practice to begin in kindergarten and early first grade by teaching them the sounds of the words independent of the letters: for example, “cat” consists of three sounds (k-aa-t). Learning about how individual sounds make up spoken words – phonemic awareness – is a cornerstone of beginning reading instruction in the United States. ![]() In English, both vowels and consonants have multiple sounds. Teachers have to spend a lot of time teaching decoding skills, as well as recognization of “sight words” that break the “rules.” In other words, Spanish graphemes (written letters) generally have one consistent phoneme (sound). These specific features of the Spanish language will influence reading methodology and development. ![]() However, in English sight words are used because of words that are not decodable such as “are” or “one.” In Spanish, decoding issues are not as prevalent as issues of comprehension. This orthographic transparency accelerates the decoding process, and the focus quickly moves to fluency and comprehension. In addition, Spanish presents a much higher level of orthographic transparency than English and does not rely on sight words for decoding. Syllables are important units for Spanish because of their strong effect in visual word recognition (Carreiras et al., 1993) and their major role in predicting Spanish reading success. The syllable in Spanish is a more critical unit of phonological awareness than in English because of the consistent phoneme-grapheme correspondence. Spanish, as opposed to English, has a closer letter-sound relationship and clearly defined syllable boundaries. Here’s an overview on the differences Spanish and English, from Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Spanish Language Arts and Reading and English as a Second Language Subchapter A. Though Spanish and English have similar alphabets, the actual process of learning to read and write with those letters is fairly distinct.
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